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Benefits Of Sunlight Exposure On Blood Pressure Outweigh Skin Cancer Risks

May 7, 2013: 12:00 AM EST
A British study concluded that exposure to sunlight improves health overall, especially blood pressure, and the benefits – a reduced risk of heart attack and stroke – far outweigh the risk of developing skin cancer. In the study 24 volunteers sat under tanning lamps for two 20-minute sessions. In one session volunteers were exposed to UV rays; in the other UV rays were blocked so only the heat affected their skin. Subsequently, blood pressure dropped for one hour following exposure to UV rays, but not in the heat only sessions. Scientists said exposure to UV rays produces a pressure relieving compound called nitric oxide.
Richard Weller et al., "Sunshine Could Benefit Health and Prolong Life, Study Suggests", News release, study presented at a conference of skin experts in Edinburgh, U.K., May 07, 2013, © Weller et al.
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Heart & Cardiovascular
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Other Conditions
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Worldwide
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Europe
United Kingdom

Omega-3s Do Not Boost Protective Effect Of Anti-AMD Nutrient Cocktail

May 6, 2013: 12:00 AM EST
Including omega-3 fatty acids in a mix of nutritional supplements commonly recommended for preventing advanced age-related macular degeneration (AMD) did not improve the effect, according to an NIH study. The plant-derived antioxidants lutein and zeaxanthin also had no overall effect on AMD when added to the combination. However, they were safer than the related antioxidant beta-carotene, which has been associated with a higher risk of lung cancer, researchers said. More than 4,000 people, ages 50 to 85 years at risk for advanced AMD, a major cause of vision loss among older Americans, participated in the five-year trial.
Emily Y. Chew et al., " Long-Term Effects of Vitamins C and E, β-Carotene, and Zinc on Age-Related Macular Degeneration", Ophthalmology, May 06, 2013, © American Academy of Ophthalmology
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HEALTH & WELLNESS
Body
Conditions
Food & Nutrition
Aging
Eyes
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Other Conditions
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Worldwide
North America
United States of America

New Foodservice Company Tackles A Tough Problem: Providing Healthy – And Tasty – School Meals

May 4, 2013: 12:00 AM EST
Nearly everyone – school administrators, Michele Obama, nutritionists, the U.S. Congress, etc. – agrees that school lunches need to be healthier. Kids themselves are apparently okay with healthy as long as it’s also tasty, and that has been a problem. Entering this $16 billion market is a new school meals company – Revolution Foods – determined to provide healthy choices using locally produced foods that kids would eat because they taste good. The company develops its meals with the help of kids, using tastings, focus groups and constant feedback. Revolution, which is not yet profitable, recently won a contract to provide meals to 114 schools in San Francisco, and the number of children choosing to eat the company’s offerings leaped 12 percent.
"A new company is trying to make school meals healthier", The Economist, May 04, 2013, © The Economist Newspaper Limited
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HEALTH & WELLNESS
Body
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Worldwide
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Magnesium Found To Be Important For Children’s Bone Health

May 5, 2013: 12:00 AM EST
A U.S. study among younger school-age children showed that calcium intake was not significantly related to bone health, but magnesium – found in salmon, almonds, and other foods – was a key predictor of how much bone children had. The study, whose goal was to find the role of magnesium intake and absorption in relation to bone mineral content, involved 63 healthy children between aged 4 to 8. Before the study began, participants filled out food diaries, and during the study they were served foods consistent with calcium and magnesium levels based on their diaries. Researchers said calcium is important, but not more important than magnesium.
Steven A. Abrams et al., "Magnesium May Be as Important to Kids Bone Health as Calcium", News release, presentation at the Pediatric Academic Societies (PAS) annual meeting, May 05, 2013, © Pediatric Academic Societies
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HEALTH & WELLNESS
Body
Food & Nutrition
Kid's Health
Pre-School/School
Bones & Joints
Vitamins
Geographies
Worldwide
North America
United States of America

Brain Imaging Study Shows Why Fasting Is Counter-Productive As A Weight Loss Strategy

May 2, 2013: 12:00 AM EST
An imaging study by scientists in Oregon among adolescents found that weight loss would be more effective and enduring if dieters ate healthy, low-fat/low-sugar foods during regular meals, rather than fast for long periods of time. Participants in two groups voluntarily restricted their caloric intake to approximate what happens with real-world dieters. Using a brain imaging paradigm, the researchers examined the responsivity of adolescent's attention and reward regions of the brain. They found that restricting food intake increases the reward value of food, especially high-calorie, appetizing food. The more successful people are at low-calorie dieting, the tougher it is to stick to the diet. Fasting for a long time also often leads to poor post-fast food choices.
Eric Stice et al., "Caloric deprivation increases responsivity of attention and reward brain regions to intake, anticipated intake, and images of palatable foods", NeuroImage, May 02, 2013, © Elsevier Inc.
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HEALTH & WELLNESS
Body
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Food & Nutrition
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Other Food & Nutrition
Obesity
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Worldwide
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United States of America

Lifestyle Changes Reduce Risk Of Fatal Blood Clots

May 2, 2013: 12:00 AM EST
A nearly five-year study by U.S. researchers found that, among seven healthy lifestyle changes, regular physical activity and a low body mass index (BMI) had the biggest positive impact on the risk of deadly blood clots. Participants in the study were rated on their health based on physical activity, avoiding smoking, diet, maintaining a healthy body mass index, and controlling blood sugar levels, blood pressure and cholesterol. Researchers compared the incidence of blood clots among the participants with various levels of heart health. Participants with optimum health had a 44 percent lower risk of blood clots than those with inadequate health. Those with average health had a 38 percent lower risk. The study followed 30,239 adults 45 years or older for 4.6 years.
"Seven Simple Lifestyle Steps May Decrease Risk of Blood Clots", News release, presentation at the AHA's Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology 2013 scientific sessions, May 02, 2013, © AHA
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HEALTH & WELLNESS
Body
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Mediterranean Diet Lowers Cholesterol, Improves Metabolism

May 1, 2013: 12:00 AM EST
U.S. researchers have found that adhering to a heart-healthy diet reduces “bad cholesterol” (LDL) in men with high risk of heart disease, regardless of weight loss. Nineteen men with metabolic syndrome aged 24 to 64 were fed a standard North American diet for five weeks. For another five weeks they were fed a Mediterranean-style diet, then a 20-week weight-loss regime, then five more weeks of the Mediterranean diet. Results showed a nine percent decrease in LDL and improved metabolism. Doctors recommended the Mediterranean diet for effective management of metabolic syndrome, which includes high blood pressure, high waist circumference, high levels of triglycerides and low levels of HDL (“good cholesterol”).
Caroline Richard et al., "Heart Healthy Diet Helps Men Lower Bad Cholesterol, Regardless of Weight Loss", News release, presentation at the American Heart Association's Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology 2013 Scientific Sessions, May 01, 2013, © American Heart Association
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Body
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People At Risk For Heart Disease Can Improve Their Health By Eliminating Lectin From Diet

May 1, 2013: 12:00 AM EST
An imaging study by scientists in Oregon among adolescents found that weight loss would be more effective and enduring if dieters ate healthy, low-fat/low-sugar foods during regular meals, rather than fast for long periods of time. Participants in two groups voluntarily restricted their caloric intake to approximate what happens with real-world dieters. Using a brain imaging paradigm, the researchers examined the responsivity of adolescent's attention and reward regions of the brain. They found that restricting food intake increases the reward value of food, especially high-calorie, appetizing food. The more successful people are at low-calorie dieting, the tougher it is to stick to the diet. Fasting for a long time also often leads to poor post-fast food choices.
Steven R. Gundry et al., "Diet, Anti-Aging Supplements May Help Reverse Blood Vessel Abnormality", News release, study presented at the AHA's Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology 2013 scientific sessions, May 01, 2013, © AHA
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Green Tea Plus Polyethylene Glycol Has Positive Impact On Weight, Insulin Resistance

April 29, 2013: 12:00 AM EST
A study conducted in mice by Korean researchers found that green tea in combination with polyethylene glycol significantly lowered body weight and insulin resistance. By itself green tea had no effect on body weight or glucose intolerance. For the study, both diabetic and normal mice were fed a high-fat diet supplemented with green tea. One group was also given polyethylene glycol to prevent absorption of gallated catechins into the bloodstream, which would increase insulin resistance. Researchers concluded that combining green tea extract and polyethylene glycol might be a preventative and therapeutic tool for treating obesity and obesity-related type 2 diabetes without unwanted side effects.
Park, Jae-Hyung et al. , "Green tea extract with polyethylene glycol-3350 reduces body weight and improves glucose tolerance in db/db and high-fat diet mice", Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology, April 29, 2013, © Springer
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Researchers Discover Simple Test For Determining Hardening Of The Arteries In Children

April 29, 2013: 12:00 AM EST
Researchers have discovered a simple formula and blood test that can accurately determine arterial health. In a study at a U.S. hospital, the ratio of triglycerides – a component of cholesterol – to HDL (good cholesterol) was calculated in 900 children and young adults. Researchers found that the higher the ratio, the more likely a person would have stiff and damaged arteries. When hardening of the arteries is detected in children, it can be a sign of "accelerated aging," which increases the risk of “dangerous outcomes” -- stroke, heart attack, etc. -- much earlier in adult life than normally expected. The researchers said the problem can be reversed in children with changes in diet, including reduced intake of sugary beverages and carbohydrate-rich foods.
Ron Winslow, "Children on Track for a Heart Attack", The Wall Street Journal, April 29, 2013, © Dow Jones & Company, Inc
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Natural Food Company Launches Sprouted Grain Pizzas

April 29, 2013: 12:00 AM EST
The growing interest among health enthusiasts in sprouted grains has not escaped the attention of natural food companies. Better For You Foods LLC, for example, has launched two varieties of all-natural sprouted grain pizzas: Better4U Bruschetta and Old World Veggie.  Both contain 39 grams of whole grains per serving. The pizzas are high in dietary fiber, vitamins and minerals, and lower in calories, fat, saturated fat and sodium than competing brands, according to the company. Better For You is also developing a sprouted grain pizza that will be a dairy-free vegetarian version, appropriate for people who eat vegan. 
"Better4U Foods Launches All Natural Sprouted Grain Pizzas ", News release, Better4U Foods, April 29, 2013, © Better4U Foods
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Mangos Help Control Blood Sugar Levels Among Obese People, Study Shows

April 28, 2013: 12:00 AM EST
Mangos have properties that can help regulate blood sugar levels among obese people, according to the study presented at the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology. Conducted by a research team led by Edralin Lucas, the study studied the effects of eating mangos everyday on 20 obese adult people. At the end of the 12-week study period, during which participants ate 10 grams of freeze-dried mango daily, the researchers found that the blood sugar levels of the participants declined from levels recorded at the start of the study.
Joseph Nordqvist, "Mangos Help Regulate Blood Sugar Levels Among Obese People", Medical News Today, April 28, 2013, © Medical News Today
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Coffee Helps Lower Risk Of Breast Cancer Recurrence, Sweden Study Suggests

April 26, 2013: 12:00 AM EST
Drinking coffee could help lower the risk of breast cancer recurring in patients who are taking the drug Tamoxifen, according to a study at the Lund University in Sweden. Results of the study, which focused on more than 600 breast cancer patients for five years, revealed patients who took the pill and drank two or more cups of coffee daily reported less than 50 percent of the cancer recurrence rate reported by Tamoxifen-taking patients who drank only one cup or less. Researchers are now evaluating the theory that coffee makes Tamoxifen more efficient, according to oncology doctoral student Maria Simonsson. Lund University scientists have previously linked coffee consumption to lower risk of developing certain types of breast cancer.
"Coffee May Help Prevent Breast Cancer Returning, Study Finds", Nutrition Horizon , April 26, 2013, © CNS Media BV
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Sweden

Clinical Study Finds Indian Plant Effective As Appetite Suppressant

April 26, 2013: 12:00 AM EST
An Australian study has found evidence that an extract of an edible succulent plant native to India aids in reducing waist size in overweight and obese people by suppressing appetite. Researchers tested the effect of 500 mg of Caralluma fimbriata extract on 33 overweight men and women. After 12 weeks, those who had taken the supplement has lost an average of 2.6 inches from their waist, compared to one inch among the control group. The active ingredients in Caralluma fimbriata – pregnane glycosides – have been shown in other human trials to inhibit appetite. Caralluma fimbriata is available through the ingredient Slimaluma, developed by Gencor, which provided the extract for the Australian study.
Engredea News & Analysis , "Indian herb may whittle waistlines", Newhope 360, April 26, 2013, © Penton Media, Inc
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India

Protein Consumption Is Important To Weight Loss, Survey Of Women Finds

April 26, 2013: 12:00 AM EST
A survey of 1,824 middle-aged women found that 43 percent believe eating more protein prevents weight gain, and eating protein helped in their own efforts to lose weight. Most of the women surveyed correctly identified good protein sources, and a majority knew the daily percent of dietary energy recommended from protein. According to the researchers, because the majority of Americans are overweight, education regarding dietary protein requirements may enhance the use of protein in the diet as a weight loss strategy. Women may need more information regarding protein energy content and choosing protein sources to enhance protein intake as a weight management strategy, they said.
Noel D. Aldrich et al., "Perceived Importance of Dietary Protein to Prevent Weight Gain: A National Survey among Midlife Women", Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior, April 26, 2013, © Society for Nutrition Education and Behavior
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Type 2 Diabetes Risk Up By 22 Percent From Drinking One Sugary Drink A Day

April 24, 2013: 12:00 AM EST
British researchers who analyzed data from nearly 29,000 European participants in a cancer and nutrition study – about 12,000 of whom had type 2 diabetes – found that drinking one 12-ounce sugar-sweetened beverage a day increased the risk of type 2 diabetes by 22 percent. The risk dropped to 18 percent when total energy intake and body mass index were taken into account. The increased risk of diabetes from sugary drinks in Europe is similar to that found in a meta-analysis of studies conducted mostly in North America that found a 25 percent increased risk. Little or no association with diabetes risk was found among drinkers of artificially sweetened drinks or pure fruit juice and nectar (diluted fruit juice) drinks.
Dora Romaguera et al., "Consumption of sweet beverages and type 2 diabetes incidence in European adults: results from EPIC-InterAct", Diabetologia, April 24, 2013, © Springer-Verlag
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Tart Cherries May Someday Help People At Risk For Diabetes, Heart Disease

April 23, 2013: 12:00 AM EST
New research from the University of Michigan finds that eating tart cherries provides cardiovascular benefits similar to those of prescription fat and glucose regulation drugs, and may also reduce the risk of stroke, even when eaten with the drugs. According to the researchers, Montmorency tart cherries activate certain receptors in many body tissues. Researchers believe that anthocyanins – the pigments that give the fruit its red color – could be responsible for this activation. The research shows that rats who ate only tart cherries had the best results, but those who ingested a combination of tart cherries and the drug  Actos also did better than those who only took the drug.
E. Mitchell Seymour et al., "Tart Cherries Linked to Reduced Risk of Stroke", News release, study presented at the Experimental Biology 2013 meeting in Boston, April 23, 2013, © University of Michigan Health System
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Three Studies Provide Evidence That Tree Nuts Are A Very Healthy Addition To The Diet

April 23, 2013: 12:00 AM EST
Researchers recently presented three studies associating tree nuts with a better nutrient profile, better diet quality, lower body weight, lower prevalence of metabolic syndrome, and a decrease in cardiovascular risk factors. Nuts included in the studies were almonds, Brazil nuts, cashews, hazelnuts, macadamias, pecans, pine nuts, pistachios and walnuts. One study involving 803 adults found that eating one ounce (one serving) of tree nuts weekly was associated with a seven percent lower risk of metabolic syndrome. Another study showed that nut consumption was associated with a decrease in total cholesterol, LDL or "bad" cholesterol, blood pressure, and coronary heart disease risk.
"New Findings on Tree Nuts and Health Presented", Nutrition Horizon, April 23, 2013, © CNS Media BV
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Vitamin E Relieves Symptoms Of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

April 23, 2013: 12:00 AM EST
An accidental discovery in mice by researchers at Case Western Reserve University finds that the essential nutrient vitamin E can alleviate symptoms of liver disease brought on by obesity. The researchers were originally studying the effect of vitamin E deficiency on the central nervous system, using liver tissue to practice surgical techniques. They were surprised to find that the mice were in the advanced stages of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and were deficient in vitamin E. Supplementation with vitamin E averted most of the disease symptoms, confirming the relationship between vitamin E deficiency and liver disease.
Danny Manor et al., "Vitamin E Identified as Potential Weapon Against Obesity", News release, presentation at the annual meeting of the American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, April 23, 2013, © Manor et al.
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Polyphenol-Rich Grapes Reduce Symptoms Of Metabolic Syndrome In Obese Rats

April 22, 2013: 12:00 AM EST
Three months of a grape-enriched diet significantly reduced the inflammatory markers in the liver and abdomens of obese rats and helped reduced damage to the liver and kidneys associated with metabolic syndrome, U.S. researchers report. Inflammation and oxidative stress play a role in cardiovascular disease progression and organ dysfunction in type 2 diabetes, researchers said. “Grape intake impacted both of these components in several tissues which is a very promising finding," they concluded. Natural components known as polyphenols found in grapes polyphenols  probably responsible for these beneficial effects.
E. Mitchell Seymour et al., "Grape Intake May Protect Against Metabolic Syndrome-Related Organ Damage", News release, University of Michigan research presented at the Experimental Biology conference, April 22, 2013, © Seymour et al.
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HEALTH & WELLNESS
Body
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Food & Nutrition
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Other Food & Nutrition
Diabetes
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North America
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AHA Physicians Say Alternative Therapies Can Help Reduce High Blood Pressure

April 22, 2013: 12:00 AM EST
Alternative approaches to reducing blood pressure could help people, but should not be used to replace the traditional therapies, an expert panel of the American Heart Association concludes. Aerobic exercise, resistance or strength training, and isometric hand grip exercises all could help reduce blood pressure that is higher than normal (120/80 mm Hg), especially among people who do not tolerate or respond well to blood pressure medications. But alternative therapies, which also include biofeedback and transcendental meditation, should not supplant proven methods to lower blood pressure, such as physical activity, managing weight, not smoking or drinking excess alcohol, eating a low sodium balanced diet and taking medications when prescribed, the panel said.
Robert D. Brook et al., "Beyond Medications and Diet: Alternative Approaches to Lowering Blood Pressure: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association", Hypertension, April 22, 2013, © American Heart Association
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Mushrooms Exposed To Sunlight Are A Good Source Of Vitamin D

April 22, 2013: 12:00 AM EST
A U.S. study that compared vitamin D levels in 30 adults after ingesting supplements and mushroom powder found no statistical difference among the sources. Vitamin D is necessary  for bone health and muscle strength, reducing the risk of fracture, osteomalacia, osteoarthritis and osteoporosis. Participants took capsules containing 2,000 IU of vitamin D2 or vitamin D3, or mushroom powder containing vitamin D2. The researchers noted, however, that the powders were made from mushrooms that had been exposed to sunlight or ultraviolet light. The researchers also found that mushrooms make vitamin D2 through a process similar to what occurs in human skin after sun exposure. Mushrooms not only produce vitamin D2, but can produce vitamin D3 and vitamin D4.
Holick et al., "Mushrooms Can Provide as Much Vitamin D as Supplements", News release, presentation at the American Society for Biochemistry and Microbiology annual meeting, April 22, 2013, © Holick et al.
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Low-Carb Veggie-Based Breads Can Help With Weight Loss

April 22, 2013: 12:00 AM EST
A former U.K. stock trader has turned from making commissions to making and selling sandwiches – 300 a day – that are not only tasty they are extremely low-calorie and nutritious. The key ingredient? Broccoli. His secret formula for broccoli bread contains mostly broccoli, some oregano and other spices, some dairy products and egg white, and “a few mystery ingredients”.  A food blogger, meanwhile, extols the virtues and versatility of cauliflower when prepared properly with the right flavorings. A trendy example: “cauliflower pizza”. A major benefit of these vegetable-based breads, snacks  and entrees: they are so low in carbs and calories that they can form the nutritious core of a weight-loss diet.
Victoria Stewart , "War on carbs: broccoli and cauliflower are on the offensive", London Evening Standard , April 22, 2013, © Evening Standard Limited
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Sodium Intake On The Rise, Despite Warnings Of Adverse Health Effects

April 22, 2013: 12:00 AM EST
Health authorities and nutritionists worldwide have been getting the word out about the health benefits of lowering salt intake, but is anyone listening? Apparently not, according to a new U.S. study supported by food ingredients supplier Tate & Lyle. Actual intake of sodium is on the rise, increasing by 63 mg/day every two years from 1001 to 2012. The study analyzed data from  national health surveys. The largest contributors of sodium to the diet were grains and grain products, followed by meat, poultry, fish and mixtures, vegetables, and milk and milk products. Tate & Lyle has a partial solution to the problem, it says: a salt product that reduces by sodium content from 25-50 percent in food applications.
"Continued Rise in Sodium Intake in the U.S. Diet over the Last Decade despite Health Officials Call for Reduction", News release, Tate & Lyle, April 22, 2013, © Tate & Lyle
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Phytonutrients in Berries Protect The Brain From Detrimental Effects Of Aging

April 21, 2013: 12:00 AM EST
U.S. researchers studying the effect of berry consumption on brain function in rats found that a berry diet rich in phytonutrients protected the animals’ brains from irradiation, a lab technique for simulating aging. They determined that berries promoted neurochemical changes in the brain, particularly autophagy, which regulates the synthesis, degradation and recycling of cell components. Accumulation of toxins in the brain was thereby significantly reduced. The researchers are now conducting clinical studies in older adults, aged 60 to 75, to see if their findings in rats apply in humans.
Shibu Poulose et al., "More Evidence Berries Have Health-Promoting Properties", News release, unpublished study conducted at the Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, April 21, 2013, © Poulose et al.
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Changing Diet And Exercise Patterns Together Is Best Path To Weight Loss

April 21, 2013: 12:00 AM EST
Losing weight is best accomplished by changing one’s diet and physical activity patterns. But U.S. researchers suggest that for best results the changes should be implemented at the same time. Focusing on changing diet first, they cautioned, could actually hinder the establishment of a consistent exercise routine. If people need to start with one or the other, they suggested starting with exercise first. The researchers worked with 200 mostly sedentary people age 45 and older whose eating habits were not particularly healthy. Some started exercising first, some changed their diet first, etc. The participants who changed their diet first did a good job meeting the dietary goals, but failed to meet their exercise goals.
King A.C. et al. , "Behavioral Impacts of Sequentially versus Simultaneously Delivered Dietary Plus Physical Activity Interventions: the CALM Trial", Annals of Behavioral Medicine, April 21, 2013, © Springer
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Sprouted Whole Grains May Be The Next Big Food Trend

April 19, 2013: 12:00 AM EST
Though there aren’t a lot of sprouted grain products on the market yet, there is growing interest, according to the Whole Grains Council, and food manufacturers are responding. In what some predict will be one of the next big trends in the food industry, store shelves are gradually being filled with hot and cold sprouted whole-grain cereals, flours, pastas, pizzas, bread sticks and tortilla chips. Also available are nuts, legumes and seeds – technically not grains – that can be sprouted. Why sprouted whole grains? According to one devotee in the Rochester, N.Y., area, “they are sprouted like a vegetable” so “your body digests them like a vegetable” and they are kinder to the digestive system.
Karen Miltner, "Going with the (sprouted) grains", Rochester Democrat and Chronicle (New York), April 19, 2013, © Gannett/www.democratandchronicle.com
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More Than Half Of Class 1 Drug Recalls By The FDA Were Dietary Supplements – Study

April 18, 2013: 12:00 AM EST
Of the 465 drugs subject to a Class 1 recall by the FDA between 2004 and 2012, 51 percent were dietary supplements for bodybuilding, weight loss and sexual enhancement, a Canadian study has found. They were recalled because they contained unapproved medicinal ingredients – including steroids – that could cause serious health problems or even death. The most commonly recalled dietary supplement to be recalled were sexual enhancement products (40 percent). According to the researchers, about 65,000 dietary supplements are offered in the U.S. and consumed by more than 150 million Americans. Researchers said better regulation of the supplements should be a priority.
Ziv Harel et al., "The Frequency and Characteristics of Dietary Supplement Recalls in the United States", JAMA Internal Medicine, April 18, 2013, © American Medical Association
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Community Gardening Offers Several Benefits, Including Improved Health

April 18, 2013: 12:00 AM EST
Community gardening not only provides a variety of social and nutritional benefits to neighborhoods, it can be good for your health, according to a U.S. study. For the study, researchers compared community gardeners' BMIs (body mass indices) and odds of being overweight or obese with three control groups. Women community gardeners had an average BMI that was 1.84 points lower than their neighbors. That’s an 11 pound difference for a woman 5 feet 5 inches tall. Male gardeners who were 5 feet 10 inches tall had a BMI that was 2.36 points lower – or 16 pounds – than their neighbors.
Cathleen D. Zick et al., "Harvesting More Than Vegetables: The Potential Weight Control Benefits of Community Gardening", American Journal of Public Health, April 18, 2013, © American Public Health Association
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Social Gaming Combined With Behavior Tracking Inspires More Exercise, Weight Loss

April 17, 2013: 12:00 AM EST
A 10-week U.S. study involving young and middle-aged adults, both sedentary and active, found that keeping an online diary of activities and participating in social gaming helped people exercise more frequently. The game that participants played with partners was designed to inspire wellness through involvement in outdoor activities, researchers said. It featured a virtual character that went snorkeling, played in the park, raked a Zen garden and performed other actions that increased physical activity. Participants experienced decreased body-mass index during the study, a strong wellness indicator. Results were stronger among participants who started with gaming, and the results were sustained after gaming elements were removed.
Marientina Gotsis et al., "Wellness Partners: Design and Evaluation of a Web-Based Physical Activity Diary with Social Gaming Features for Adults", JMIR Research Protocols, April 17, 2013, © Gotsis et al.
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Drugs, Herbal Supplements, Omega-3 Fatty Acids Do Not Prevent Dementia

April 15, 2013: 12:00 AM EST
With as many as 25 percent of people over age 70 experiencing mild cognitive impairment, it is helpful to know whether drugs, herbal products or vitamin supplements prevent the onset of the condition. Turns out they don’t, according to a Canadian review of relevant scientific studies. There just wasn’t any evidence that pharmacologic treatments such as cholinesterase inhibitors, herbal supplements like gingko, vitamins such as vitamin B6 or omega-3 fatty acids, are effective.  The strongest evidence was for the value of mental exercises such as computerized training programs or intensive one-on-one personal cognitive training in memory, reasoning, or speed of processing.
Raza Naqvi et al., "Preventing cognitive decline in healthy older adults", CMAJ, April 15, 2013, © Canadian Medical Association
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Study Finds That Drinking Beet Juice Once A Day Lowers Blood Pressure

April 15, 2013: 12:00 AM EST
Researchers in the U.K. have found evidence that increasing one’s intake of nitrates from leafy vegetables and beets can lead to improvements in cardiovascular health. The study examined the impact of drinking 8 oz. of beet juice daily on blood pressure. The beet juice contained about 0.2g of dietary nitrate, levels found in a large bowl of lettuce or two beets. Participants with high blood pressure who drank about 8 ounces of beet juice experienced a decrease in blood pressure of about 10 mm Hg over a 24-hour period. The researchers cautioned that the findings are preliminary and don't yet suggest that supplementing the diet with beet juice conveys long-term health benefits.
Amrita Ahluwalia et al., "Enhanced vasodilator activity of nitrite in hypertension: critical role for erythrocytic xanthine oxidoreductase and translational potential", Hypertension, April 15, 2013, © American Heart Association, Inc.
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A High Resting Heart Rate Is Linked To Increased Risk Of Mortality

April 15, 2013: 12:00 AM EST
A long-term study beginning in 1985 that tracked the health of 3,000 men in Denmark looked at health data – including resting heart rate – of the 40 percent who died by study end in 2001. A resting heart rate – the number of heart beats per minute – of between 60 and 100 beats per minute is considered normal. Researchers found that a resting heart rate of between 51 and 80 beats per minute was associated with a 40 to 50 percent increased risk of death, while one between 81 and 90 beats per minute doubled the risk, compared with those with the lowest rate. A resting heart rate above 90 beats per minute tripled the risk.
Zosia Kmietowicz, "High heart rate is risk factor for death, not just a sign of poor fitness, study indicates", BMJ, April 15, 2013, © BMJ Publishing Group Ltd
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Poll Finds That Americans – Especially Men – Are Suspicious Of The Organic Label

April 15, 2013: 12:00 AM EST
A new Harris Poll finds that Americans may be more concerned about the environment than they were a year ago, but they are reluctant to pay more to improve it, especially in the area of organic food. Fifty-nine percent agree that labeling food or other products as organic is “just an excuse to charge more”. Sixty-three percent of men say that, compared to 54 percent of women. Fifty-five percent think organic food is better for you, though studies have shown it’s no more nutritious than conventional food. Forty-one percent think organic food tastes better or fresher than non-organic. Americans are feeling more positive about the economy, but are suspicious of “greenwashing” by companies exploiting confused eco-conscious consumers.
"Majority of Americans See Organic Label as an Excuse to Charge More", Harris Interactive, April 15, 2013, © Harris Interactive
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Vitamin E Takers Needn’t Worry About Overdosing

April 15, 2013: 12:00 AM EST
There has been some concern over the years that taking too much vitamin E poses significant health risks, but a new U.S. study finds that people cannot overdose on vitamin E because excess amounts are not harmful and at any rate are excreted. The antioxidant vitamin, found in oils, fats and some other foods, is important for proper functioning of organs, nerves and muscles. It is also an anticoagulant that can reduce blood clotting. Some people, especially those on a low-fat diet, consume inadequate dietary levels, take vitamin E supplements.
M. G. Traber , "Mechanisms for the Prevention of Vitamin E Excess", The Journal of Lipid Research, April 15, 2013, © The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
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Mother’s Solution To Child’s Allergy Problem Spawns A Growing Whole-Grain Tortilla Business

April 14, 2013: 12:00 AM EST
An Arizona mother of a child with allergies to processed foods decided to put the whole family on a strict preservative-free whole grain diet. She also decided that if she wanted whole-grain tortillas she’d have to make them herself. Reworking an old family recipe, she came up with a whole-grain tortilla. Her son’s migraines and seizures ended. And when her husband lost his job in 2009, she decided to turn her creation into a business. The family now makes their tortillas – 2,000 dozen a week – in a small commercial-grade kitchen in Tucson and sells them a local food co-op and farmers markets. Shoppers will soon be able to find them at Whole Foods, Trader Joe's and at Tucson Medical Center.
Ernesto Portillo Jr. , "Neto's Tucson: Neto's Tucson: Family tortilla makers go whole grain", Arizona Daily Star, April 14, 2013, via Associated Press, © The Associated Press
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Studies Provide Evidence Of L-carnitine’s Effectiveness After Heart Attack

April 11, 2013: 12:00 AM EST
L-carnitine, a trimethylamine compound found in red meat and other foods, and sold over-the-counter as a dietary supplement, significantly improves cardiac health in patients after a heart attack, according to a review of 13 clinical studies conducted between 1989 and 2007. The findings associate L-carnitine with significant reduction in death from all causes and a highly significant reduction in ventricular arrhythmias and anginal attacks following a heart attack. L-carnitine was associated with a 27 percent reduction in all-cause mortality, a 65 percent reduction in ventricular arrhythmias, and a 40 percent reduction in the development of angina.
James J. DiNicolantonio et al., "L-Carnitine in the Secondary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis", Mayo Clinic Proceedings, April 11, 2013, © Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research
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Researchers Search For Mechanism In Brain That Encourages Snacking To Excess

April 11, 2013: 12:00 AM EST
Can’t stop eating those potato chips once you get started? Blame it on “hedonic hyperphagia,” a scientific term for recreational eating that goes well beyond the need to satisfy hunger. Turns out, hundreds of millions of people around the world suffer from it, though it keeps the snack food and confectionery industries in the black. German scientists who have been studying the phenomenon in rats using magnetic resonance imaging report that the reward and addiction centers in the brain record the most activity when the animals eat chips or chow. But the food intake, sleep, activity and motion areas are stimulated significantly differently when the rats eat potato chips. The next step is to find the ingredient in snacks that stimulates the brain.
"Revealing the scientific secrets of why people can’t stop after eating one potato chip", News release, National Meeting & Exposition of the American Chemical Society, April 11, 2013, © American Chemical Society
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Population Study Shows That Weight Loss Lowers Incidence Of Diabetes, Heart Disease

April 9, 2013: 12:00 AM EST
A team of researchers from Spain, Cuba and the U.S. has found solid evidence of a link between population weight loss and a drop in the risk of – and death rates from – diabetes and cardiovascular disease. The study examined data gathered in Cuba between 1980 and 2010. The Cuban economic crisis of the early 1990s sparked food and fuel shortages, leading to lower caloric intake and greater physical activity. On average, Cubans lost 8-11 lbs, while death rates from diabetes and coronary heart disease declined. When the crisis waned in 2002, average weight began to rise, along with new instances of diabetes and heart disease.
M. Franco et al., "Population-wide weight loss and regain in relation to diabetes burden and cardiovascular mortality in Cuba 1980-2010: repeated cross sectional surveys and ecological comparison of secular trends", BMJ, April 09, 2013, © BMJ Publishing Group Ltd
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Substance In Green Coffee Beans Helps Control Blood Sugar, Could Treat Type 2 Diabetes

April 9, 2013: 12:00 AM EST
Natural substances known as chlorogenic acids obtained from green coffee beans – and widely available as dietary supplements –  help control high blood sugar levels associated with type 2 diabetes, a U.S. researcher says. A small clinical study involving 56 men and women showed that 100, 200, 300 or 400 milligrams (mg) doses of green coffee extract significantly reduced blood sugar. According to Joe Vinson of the University of Scranton, "a simple natural pill or capsule” containing extract of green coffee would both help control blood sugar and foster weight loss, and be “a major advance in the treatment of type 2 diabetes”. Coffee is rich in chlorogenic acids, but most of them are broken down during roasting. Green coffee beans do not have that liability.
Joe Vinson, Ph.D., "New Evidence That Natural Substances in Green Coffee Beans Help Control Blood Sugar Levels", News release, presentation at the National Meeting & Exposition of the American Chemical Society, April 09, 2013, © American Chemical Society
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Stringent State School Lunch Nutrition Standards Lead To Fewer Obese Students

April 8, 2013: 12:00 AM EST
U.S. researchers who studied nearly 5,000 kindergarteners in 40 states found that strict state nutrition standards reduced the incidence of obesity. Kids in states with more lenient nutrition standards tended to be more obese than kids who carried their lunches to school. Kindergarteners in states that exceeded USDA school meal standards were 12.3 percent less likely to be obese than students in states that did not exceed USDA standards. In states that did not exceed USDA standards, students who obtained free or cheap lunches were twice as likely to be obese than students who did not obtain school lunches (26 percent and 13.9 percent, respectively).
Daniel R. Taber et al., "Association Between State Laws Governing School Meal Nutrition Content and Student Weight Status: Implications for New USDA School Meal Standards", JAMA Pediatrics, April 08, 2013, © American Medical Association
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White Muscle In Diabetics Is Not Harmful, But In Fact A Sign Of Sugar Control

April 7, 2013: 12:00 AM EST
Researchers in the U.S. confirm that white muscle that increases with weight lifting, age, and diabetes is not harmful as once thought, but actually helps keep sugar in check. Mammals have a range of muscles: red, white and in between. White muscle is more prevalent in weight lifters and sprinters, who need short, intense bursts of energy. In mouse research, the scientists determined that a protein called BAF60c acts as a sort of "zip code" mechanism that tells the cells when and how to express certain genes, including genes for white muscle. Obese mice with BAF60c – and more white muscle – were found to be much better at controlling blood glucose, a key problem in diabetes.
Zhuo-Xian Meng et al., "Baf60c drives glycolytic metabolism in the muscle and improves systemic glucose homeostasis through Deptor-mediated Akt activation", Nature Medicine, April 07, 2013, © Nature Publishing Group
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Food-Grade Sorghum Makes A Good Substitute For Wheat In Gluten-Free Breads - Study

April 4, 2013: 12:00 AM EST
A recently published Italian study found no chemical reason why the cereal grain sorghum should not be eaten by people with celiac disease. The researchers said the absence of gliadin-like peptides in sorghum makes it a viable alternative to wheat, rye and barley for people with celiac disease, a severe allergic reaction to gluten. The researchers cautioned, however, that the sorghum used for human consumption should be the food-grade cultivars that they tested. Food-grade sorghum does not contain condensed tannins like regular sorghum used as animal feed that can reduce the digestibility of dietary proteins. Food-grade sorghum is inexpensive and highly nutritional, making it suitable for gluten-free breads.
Kacey Culliney, "Sorghum is celiac-safe: Study", Bakery and Snacks, April 04, 2013, © William Reed Business Media
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Study Uncovers Key To Body’s Damaging Responses To Obesity

April 4, 2013: 12:00 AM EST
Japanese researchers have found in a mouse study that excess weight triggers the release of a compound in the bloodstream that in turn sparks the damaging immune responses associated with diabetes and heart disease. The researchers said it may be possible to stop the harmful autoimmune response by simply block the compound, known as  apoptosis inhibitor of macrophage (AIM). They suggested that AIM inhibition might someday be used as a therapy to prevent not only insulin resistance and metabolic disorders but also autoimmunity under obese conditions.
Satoko Arai et al., "Obesity-Associated Autoantibody Production Requires AIM to Retain the Immunoglobulin M Immune Complex on Follicular Dendritic Cells", Cell Reports, April 04, 2013, © Elsevier Inc.
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As Long As Energy Expenditure Is Comparable, Running And Walking Are Just As Beneficial

April 4, 2013: 12:00 AM EST
U.S. researchers who looked at self-reported energy use data from 33,060 runners and 15,045 brisk walkers discovered that if the same energy was used in their activity, runners and walkers experienced the same health benefits. The study found basically that the more runners ran and walkers walked, the more health benefits – lower blood pressure, lower cholesterol, reduced risk of diabetes – accrued. Among the interesting statistics gathered through questionnaires: running reduced first time coronary heart disease 4.5 percent, while brisk walking reduced it by 9.3 percent. Similar results were found for hypertension, diabetes and cholesterol levels.
Paul T. Williams and Paul D. Thompson, "Walking Versus Running for Hypertension, Cholesterol, and Diabetes Mellitus Risk Reduction", Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology, April 04, 2013, © American Heart Association, Inc.
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Studies Advise: Reduce Salt Intake, Increase Potassium Intake, For Better Health

April 4, 2013: 12:00 AM EST
More new studies link improved health globally – and reduced health care costs – to lowering sodium intake. One study says the most benefit would come from decreasing sodium intake and increasing potassium intake. Researchers analyzed data on potassium intake and health from 33 trials involving over 128,000 healthy participants. Increased potassium intake reduced blood pressure with no adverse effects on blood lipids, hormone levels or kidney function. Another study analyzing 34 clinical trials involving 3,000 adults found that reducing salt moderately for at least four weeks led to declines in blood pressure in hypertensive patients, regardless of race or sex.
F. J. He et al., " Effect of longer term modest salt reduction on blood pressure: Cochrane systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials", BMJ, April 04, 2013, © BMJ Publishing Group Ltd
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Nanotechnology May Provide Effective Answer To Spread Of Food-Borne Pathogens

April 2, 2013: 12:00 AM EST
U.S. researchers have developed a nanotechnology that can be used to destroy harmful food-borne bacteria, including deadly Listeria. The technology, drawn from nature’s example, uses lytic enzymes, which are compounds that eat through infected bacteria cell walls to allow release of harmful viruses to attack other healthy bacteria. The researchers attached cell lytic enzymes to food-safe silica nanoparticles, creating a coating that selectively kills Listeria on contact. Listeria is  a dangerous food-borne pathogen that causes 500 deaths a year in the U.S. The lytic enzymes can also be attached to starch nanoparticles commonly used in food packaging.
Kusum Solanki et al., "Enzyme-Based Listericidal Nanocomposites", Scientific Reports, April 02, 2013, © Nature Publishing Group
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Americans Are Catching On To The Health Benefits Of Tea Drinking

April 2, 2013: 12:00 AM EST
Coffee is still the most popular beverage in the U.S., but tea is rapidly catching up, thanks to the continuous flow of studies touting its many health benefits. Tea drinking has definitely been on the rise, according to USDA figures: nine gallons consumed per person in 2009 compared to 7.3 gallons in 1980. Coffee consumption has steadily declined from 26.7 gallons a year per person in 1980 to 23.3 gallons in 2009. Studies in recent years have shown that tea plays a role in preventing heart disease, burning calories and even thwarting some types of cancer, though the evidence for this latter benefit is so far less compelling.
Laura Ungar, "Tea’s health benefits boost its popularity", The Washington Post , April 02, 2013, © The Washington Post Company
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Why Is Congress Protecting Big (Genetic Engineering) Business, Ignoring Consumer Concerns?

April 2, 2013: 12:00 AM EST
Despite the fact that transgenic (or genetic) engineering in agriculture has proven disappointing, writes N.Y. Times blogger Mark Bittman, big corporations like Monsanto have gotten Congress to protect the use of the technology – most recently in the funding bill that President Obama signed. A “disgraceful” rider in the huge piece of legislation bars the USDA from stopping production of any GE crop once it’s been planted, even if evidence suggests it could be harmful. With so many questions about the usefulness and potential dangers of GE in farming, Bittman wonders, why is Congress protecting big corporations instead of the public interest?
"Why Do G.M.O.’s Need Protection?", The New York Times, April 02, 2013, © The New York Times Company
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Canada Approves Stress Reduction/Weight Management Supplement For Sale

April 1, 2013: 12:00 AM EST
Next Pharmaceuticals, a maker of natural raw materials for dietary supplements, announced that its weight management supplement Relora has been licensed by Health Canada for sale in the country. Sold in the U.S. since 2000, Relora purportedly alleviates stress, curbs stress-related eating and promotes weight management by “quieting the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis without causing drowsiness”. The product’s ingredients include Magnolia officinalis and Phellodendron amurense bark extracts used in Traditional Chinese Medicine for thousands of years. Relora is a powder available for use in capsule form for oral administration.
"Health Canada Approves Sales of Relora® in Canada", Marketwire , April 01, 2013, © Marketwire, Incorporated
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